The Pound Sterling (GBP) is facing selling pressure as investors are worried that the continuation of policy tightening by the Bank of England (BoE) would further dampen the economic outlook of the United Kingdom. The GBP/USD pair is going through a rough phase as more interest rate hikes by the BoE are reasonable considering that UK’s inflation is showing no signs of softening.
The speech from BoE Governor Andrew Bailey will remain in focus as investors are keen to know the consequences of higher interest rates to the United Kingdom economy and cues about the interest rate guidance. In comparison with developed economies, inflationary pressures in the British economy are extremely persistent and investors are losing their confidence in BoE policymakers and government.
Pound Sterling delivered a steep fall after forming a Double Top chart pattern on an hourly scale around 1.2848. The Double Top pattern would be activated if the Cable surrender the round-level support of 1.2700. This would mark an activation of a bearish reversal and the US Dollar bulls might get in the driving seat.
Only a recovery move above the recent high of 1.2848 would give an upper hand to the Pound Sterling bulls. Momentum oscillators are demonstrating a non-directional performance.
The Bank of England (BoE) decides monetary policy for the United Kingdom. Its primary goal is to achieve ‘price stability’, or a steady inflation rate of 2%. Its tool for achieving this is via the adjustment of base lending rates. The BoE sets the rate at which it lends to commercial banks and banks lend to each other, determining the level of interest rates in the economy overall. This also impacts the value of the Pound Sterling (GBP).
When inflation is above the Bank of England’s target it responds by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is positive for the Pound Sterling because higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls below target, it is a sign economic growth is slowing, and the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit in the hope businesses will borrow to invest in growth-generating projects – a negative for the Pound Sterling.
In extreme situations, the Bank of England can enact a policy called Quantitative Easing (QE). QE is the process by which the BoE substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system. QE is a last resort policy when lowering interest rates will not achieve the necessary result. The process of QE involves the BoE printing money to buy assets – usually government or AAA-rated corporate bonds – from banks and other financial institutions. QE usually results in a weaker Pound Sterling.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse of QE, enacted when the economy is strengthening and inflation starts rising. Whilst in QE the Bank of England (BoE) purchases government and corporate bonds from financial institutions to encourage them to lend; in QT, the BoE stops buying more bonds, and stops reinvesting the principal maturing on the bonds it already holds. It is usually positive for the Pound Sterling.
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