The US Dollar (USD) is in the red across the board against every major currency. Although no real outliers to notice, it is worth wild mentioning that the Greenback is eyeballing a few one-year-low levels against Polish Zloty (USD/PLN), the Swiss Franc (USD/CHF) and inverted nearing a one-year-high against the Euro (EUR/USD). This filters through in a fifth consecutive negative performance for the US Dollar Index which is starting to head 101.00.
The economic calendar is bearing a main event this Wednesday with the US Consumer Price Index (CPI) gauge. In all the equivalents on monthly and yearly performances, the core inflation will be the one to watch for any market-moving reactions. Seeing the recent data points in terms of services, expectations are that the core will remain sticky near 5% while any lower number will trigger further US Dollar weakness.
The US Dollar is in the ropes and does not seem to be able to trigger any turnaround at the moment. For a fifth consecutive day, the US Dollar is losing substantial ground. On Tuesday, it was Asian currencies which were weighing the Greenback, while this Wednesday the US Dollar is losing ground against nearly every major G10 traded currency. This smashes the US Dollar Index (DXY) again to the floor, with the 101 level coming into play, a nearly one-year-low.
On the upside, look for 102.811 at the 55-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) that will partially re-gain its importance after having been chopped up that much a few weeks ago. Only a few inches above the 55-day SMA, the 100-day SMA comes in at 102.93 and could create a firm area of resistance in between both moving averages. In case the DXY makes its way through that region, the high of July at 103.57 will be the level to watch for a further breakout.
On the downside, 101.50 has been broken and the US Dollar price action is starting to get into orbit around 101.00. Once that level is breached, expect to see the Greenback printing near one-year-lows against most major pairs. Special notice for 100.75, as that level has been a floor since February 2nd and could open the door for a slide below 100.00 once broken through it.
The US Dollar (USD) is the official currency of the United States of America, and the ‘de facto’ currency of a significant number of other countries where it is found in circulation alongside local notes. It is the most heavily traded currency in the world, accounting for over 88% of all global foreign exchange turnover, or an average of $6.6 trillion in transactions per day, according to data from 2022.
Following the second world war, the USD took over from the British Pound as the world’s reserve currency. For most of its history, the US Dollar was backed by Gold, until the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1971 when the Gold Standard went away.
The most important single factor impacting on the value of the US Dollar is monetary policy, which is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability (control inflation) and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these two goals is by adjusting interest rates.
When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, the Fed will raise rates, which helps the USD value. When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates, which weighs on the Greenback.
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve can also print more Dollars and enact quantitative easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system.
It is a non-standard policy measure used when credit has dried up because banks will not lend to each other (out of the fear of counterparty default). It is a last resort when simply lowering interest rates is unlikely to achieve the necessary result. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice to combat the credit crunch that occurred during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy US government bonds predominantly from financial institutions. QE usually leads to a weaker US Dollar.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing in new purchases. It is usually positive for the US Dollar.
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